Locking mechanism for ratchet screw-drivers.



Z. T. FUEBISH., mame mmm! ronm'rom sonnw mamas.

AIIIIM'IIOI' FILED D20. 81, 1903.

Patented Nov.3, 1908.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ZAGHRY T. FURBISH, 0l." PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO NORTH BROTHERS MANUFACTURING COMPANY, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

Speecain'on o! Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1908.

Application led December $1, 1902. Serial No. 137,259.

To all whom 'it may concem:

Be it known that I, Zacrmv T. FURBIsH, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadel hia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain linprovements in Lookin Mechanism for Ratchet Screw-Drivers, 0 which the followi is a s ecification.

The o ject o my invention is to prevent the stock or handle of a push driver or drill moving longitudinally on the spindle when the tool is used 'only as a ratchet tool. This object I attain in the following manner. reference being had to the accompanying drawino', in which Ifigure 1, is a sido view of my improved tool: Fig. Q is an enlarged sectional view of part of ig. 1: Fig. 3. is a section on the line 3-3, F in'. 2; an Fig. 4. is a perspective vieu' of t e parts detached.

.i is the stock rtion of my improved tool within which 1s a spindle B, having one or more spiral rooves b therein. On the cud of the spinda is a chuck B of any suitable ty for securing the bit b to the spindie; this bit may be in the form of a screw driver, drill or other tool.

Mounted on the stock A is a shell D inclosing the ratchet mechanism, consisting, in the present instance of a ratchet wheel G having al spline w lich enters the spiral groove b in the spindle B. Two pawls g g are pivoted to the stock A and are arranged to e age the teeth of the wheel G, spr' s g', r/ keep the teeth in engagement with t e wheel when they are not forced out by the cam h' on the shifter H which has a pin h extending throu h a slot in the shell D. B moving the shi er H to the right or leg one or other of the pawls can be thrown out of engagement with the wheel G. This ratchet mechanism is the mechanism commonly used by me on this type of tool and is covered by Letters Patent, No. 593,157, gianted to me on the 2nd day of November, 1897, and No. 666,508, granted to me on the 22nd day of January, 1901, and therefore I lay no claim to it in this application. The ratchet mechanism may be modified without de arting from my invention.

)il is a clutch carried, in the present instance, by the stock, this clutch is ar to engave the s indie so as to lock the stock againstelongitu 'nal movement on the indie, as shown in the drawing the cluttszh E consists of a cap E which extends into the end of the shell and is reduced to form a shoulder e between which and a nut E2 on the threaded portion of the cap is held the liange d of the shell D.

In the ca E is a recess e for a ball C which can e projected, by any suitable means, into an annular groove or recess b2 in the outer end of the spindle B to lock the stock against longitudinal movement on the spindle. The annular groove allowing the stock to freely turn ou the spindle but the stock can be locked entirely by throwing both pawls g, g in gear with the ratchet wheel G.

In the present instance I mount a ring F between t e fiance d of the shell and a flange c on the cap said ring has a recess f, shown in Figs. Q and 4, which, when opposite the recess e'`, allows the ball to free itself of the spindle and the operator can reci rocate the stocf. but when the ball is in ine with the groove b2 and the ring is turned it will force the ball into the groove and hold it there, forming a positive clutch locking the stock against longitudinal movement. .I spring i attached to the cap E bears avainst the inner surface of the ring and places friction u on it to such an extent that it can not turn eely but will remain in the position to which it is adjusted.

It. will he understood that a roller or any equivalent of the ball may be used in some instances. Without de arting from my invention, which is broadly to provide a clutch for locking the stock against longitudinal movement on the spindle.

When the stock is not locked to the spindle the tool can be used as a push driver or drill, but when the stock is locked to the spindle by the clutch it can be turned .in either direction, and the spindle B with its tool can be turned in one direction throuh the medium of the ratchet mechanism, the tool 'will then act the same as a simple ratchet tool.

I claim as my invention 1. The combination of a stock a bool spindie, ratchet mechanism by which the tool spindle can be rotated on reciprocating the stock, said tool spindle liavinv an annular groove in its outer end, clutch mechanism carried by the stock and having an element arral d to enter the annular groove in the spind e to lock the stock against longitudinal movement on the spindle, substantially as described.

2. The combination of a stock, a tool spindie, ratchet mechanism by which the tool spindle can be rotated on reciprocating the 1 stock, slid tool spindle having a recess m one end, a cavity m the stock, n. ball mounted in the cavity, and a sleeve shaped to force the ball into the recess in the spindle to lock the stock against longitudinal moveinent on the indle, substantially as described.

3.51'i`he combination in n. ratchet tool, of a spindle having a groove therein, a stock, a cap therefor, ratchet mechanism carried by the' stock and arranged to turn the spindle as the stock is reciprocated, a ball mounted in the cap on the stock, a movable rin recessed to receive the ball, said ring eing formed to retain the ball in the roove to lock the s indle to the stock when 1n one position an to ermit the ball to pass out of said roove w en in 'another position, substantially as described.

4. The combination in a ratchet tool, of a stock, a spindle, a. cap having a threaded portion, a nut on the threaded portion, a shell provided with a ilange whereb it is held in position by said nut, said ca mving an opening und a ball mounted tilierein, a. ring carried by the cap and the shell, said ring having a recess for receiving the ball when the hitter is out of action, substantially as described.

5. The combination of a stock, a tool spindle, ratchet mechanism by which the spindle can be rotated on reciprocating the stock, a ball carried by the stock arranged to enter a recess in the spindle, n recessed ring for forcinnr the ball into the recess of the spindle, an a spring for placing friction upon the ring so that 1t will remain in its adjusted posit-ion,` snbstantiall as described.

In testimony w iereof, I have signed my naine to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ZACHRY T. FURBISH.

Witnesses:

Wim.. A. BARR, Jos. H. Knnns. 

